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Because of man's dependency on the function of our Adrenal glands. knwn to have two adrenal glands, one sitting on top of each of the kidneys. They are pyramidal in shape and weigh about 4 g each. Their presence was recognized as early as the late sixteenth century, but it was not until 1805 that Cuvier reported that the adrenal was made up of two regions, the cortex on the outside and an inner medulla. Fifty years later, a Guy's Hospital physician, Thomas Addison, showed that the adrenal glands were necessary for life, by identifying them as the site of damage in a previously mysterious and ultimately fatal illness, which became known as Addison's disease.
The adrenal cortex
Is known now to have three distinct regions: the zona glomerulosa, zone fasciculata, and zona reticularis. The first of these regions produces the steroid aldosterone, while another steroid hormone, cortisol, is produced by the other two regions. The cells which make up all of these regions are full of lipid droplets containing cholesterol, which can be converted into the steroid hormones.